1813

Blaxland, Wentworth and Lawson crossed the Blue Mountains.

1817

In official correspondence Governor Macquarie adopted the name 'Australia', meaning Southland (Terra Australis).

1825

Van Dieman's Land (Tasmania) became a separate colony from New South Wales.

1828

First census

European population 36,595.

1829

Settlement of Perth founded.

1830

The 'Black Line' formed in Van Dieman's Land to capture Aborigines.

1834

South Australia became a province.

1835

Settlement of what became Melbourne.

John Batman entered a treaty to validate his land claim.

1838

First Aboriginal Protectorate established for Port Phillip.

1838-45

In south-western Victoria, Gunditjmara's resistance to their lands being occupied was strong.

1848

New South Wales native police troopers were brought to Queensland to kill the Aborigines and open up the land for settlement.

1850

Port Phillip District (Victoria) separated from New South Wales.

1851

Gold rush.

1854

Eureka Stockade.

1858

Population (non-indigenous) - 1,000,000.

1859

The separate colony of Queensland was established.

1868

Transportation of convicts ended.

The first Aboriginal cricket team left Sydney for England.

150 Aboriginal people were killed for resisting arrest in the Kimberly region.

1872

Ayers Rock named by explorer William Gosse.

1877

Population - 2,000,000.

1890

Western Australia became the last Australian colony to achieve self-government.

Economic depression.

1894

Jandamarra, an Aboriginal resistance fighter, declared war on European invaders in the West Kimberley.